Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have dramatically improved survival in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Most patients achieve deep molecular responses, such that TKIs can be safely and successfully stopped. However, specific preconditions for stopping TKI treatment in CML have not been defined.
Immuno-oncology agents, particularly checkpoint inhibitors, are altering treatment paradigms in multiple solid and liquid tumors. Nivolumab (NIVO) was recently indicated for use in patients with relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma, representing the first approval of checkpoint inhibitors in a hematologic malignancy. Researchers report early but intriguing findings regarding use of NIVO and 5-azacitidine in adults with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).